Business English: Accounting and Legal terms

5.23             Business English: Accounting and Legal terms

Exercise 1: Practice saying the following terms aloud.

Exercise 2: Create a sentence for each word.

Abandon (uh-ban-duh-n)

Accessory (ak-ses-uh-ree)

Accountability 

Accounting Period

Accounts Payable

Accounts Receivable

Accrual Accounting 

Accrual Basis

Accumulated Depreciation 

Acknowledgment

Adjudicate (uh-joo-di-keyt)

Affidavit (af-i-dey-vit)

Agency Funds 

Alibi (al-uh-bahy)

Alimony (al-uh-moh-nee)

Allocation (al-uh-key-shuhn)

Amortization (am-er-tuh-zey-shuhn)

Annul (uh-nuhl)

Appropriation (uh-proh-pree-ey-shuhn)

Arraign (uh-reyn)

Asset (as-et)

Assets (Fixed and Current)

Audit (aw-dit)

Audit Trail 

Auditor (aw-di-ter)

Automated Clearing House (ACH)

BAA - Budget Adjustment Act

Bailiff (bey-lif)

Balance Sheet

Balanced Budget

Bankrupt (bangk-ruhpt)

BDA – Blanket Delegation of Authority

BDS – Budget Development System

BGS – Buildings and General Services

Bigamy (big-uh-mee)

BISCHA – Banking, Insurance, Securities and Healthcare Administration

Boilerplate 

Bonafide

Bond

Book Value

Bookkeeping

Budget (buhj-it)

Budget Year 

Budgeting 

Burglary (bur-gluh-ree)

CAFR - Comprehensive Annual Financial Report.

Capital Asset

Capital Lease

Capital Outlay 

Capital Surplus

Capitalization Policy

Capitalized Expense

Carry-Forward

Cash Basis

Cash Disbursements

Cash Discount

Cash Flow

Cash Receipts (ri-seetz)

Cash-Basis Accounting

Certified Public Accountant

Chart of Accounts

Clearance Pattern

Clearing Account

Closing the Books/Year End Closing 

Coercion (koh-ur-shuhn)

COLA – Cost of Living Allowance

Collateral (kuh-lat-er-uhl)

Communication and Information

Component (kuhm-poh-nuhnt)

Comprehensive Annual Financial Report (CAFR)

Consensus Revenue Estimates

Construction in Progress (CIP)

Consumer Price Index (CPI)

Contingent Liability

Control Activities

Control Environment

Control Objectives

Cost Accounting 

Cost of Goods Sold

Counselor (koun-suh-ler)

Coupon

Current Year - The fiscal year in progress.

Debit (deb-it)

Defendant (dih-fen-duhnt)

Deficit Financing

Departmental Accounting 

Depreciation (dih-pree-shee-ey-shuhn)

Detective Control

DHR - Department of Human Resources

DII – Department of Information and Innovation

Disbursement (dis-burs-muhnt)

Dividends (div-i-dend)

DOE - Department of Education

DOL - Department of Labor

Donated Asset

Double-Entry Bookkeeping

DPS – Department of Public Safety

Drawdown

Dunning (duhn-ng)

EAP – Employee Assistance Program

Effectiveness (ih-fek-tiv-nes)

Efficiency

Electronic Benefit Transfer (EBT)

Embezzle (em-bez-uhl)

Encumbrance (en-kuhm-bruhns)

Enterprise Funds

Entrepreneur (ahn-truh-pruh-nur)

Equity (ek-wi-tee) 

Executive Budget

Executive Order

Expenditures 

Expenses

Financial Accounting 

Financial Statement 

Fiscal Period Fiscal Year (FY)

Fixed Asset

Fixed Charges

Franchise

Fugitive (fyoo-ji-tiv)

Full-time Equated (FTE) Position

Fund

Fund Balance 

FY -   Fiscal Year

GAAP – Generally Accepted Accounting Principles

GASB – Governmental Accounting Standards Board

General Fund (GF)

General Ledger

Goal 

Goodwill

Grant 

HCM - Human Capital Management

Income Statement

Indictment (in-dahyt-muhnt)

Internal Control System

Internal Service Fund (ISF) Invoice

Inventory Valuation

Invoice 

IT – Information Technology

JFO – Joint Fiscal Office

Job Costing

Ledger (lej-er)

Liabilities

Line Item

Liquid Asset

Liquidate (lik-wi-deyt)

Loan

Management Intervention

Management Override 

Master Account

Merchandise

Mission

Monitoring

Negotiable

Net Income 

Non-Cash Expense

Non-Depreciable Capital Assets

Non-operating Income

Obligations

Operating Budget

Operating Expenditures

Operating Expense (opex)

Operating Income

Organization 

Outlays

Owner's Equity

Payroll

Periodic Inventory

Perpetual Inventory

Personal Services

Personnel

Petty Cash

PO – Purchase Order

Policy

Posting

Present Value

Preventative Control

Prior Year (PY)

Procedure

Process

Profit and Loss Statement

Program

Promissory (prom-uh-sawr-ee)

Proprietary Funds

Reasonable Assurance

Reconciliation (rek-uh-sil-ee-ey-shuhn)

Reliable

Restricted Funds

Retained Earnings

Retained Payable

ROI- Return on Investment

Revenue 

RFP – Request for Proposal

RFQ- Request for Quote

RFR –Request for Review

RIF – Reduction in Force

Risk Appetite

Risk Assessment

SAO – State Auditor’s Office

Separation of Duties

Shareholder Equity

Single Audit

Single-Entry Bookkeeping

SOS – Secretary of State

Special Funds

Statement of Account

Statute (stach-oot)

Subpoena (suh-pee-nuh)

Sub-recipient

Subsidiary (suh-b-sid-ee-er-ee) Accounts

Supplemental Appropriations

Supplies 

Surplus 

SWCAP – Statewide Cost Allocation Plan

Syndicate (sin-di-kit)

Tariff (tar-if)

Tax Credits

Taxes

Treasury Stock 

Usury (yoo-zhuh-ree)

Writ

Write-down

Write-off

Year-End Closing

Zero-Base Budgeting